Learn About The Different Types Of Pool Filtration Systems And Their Operation

By Tammie Caldwell


The filter is perhaps the most essential piece of equipment to the operation of a swimming pool. This system has the important job of keeping the water free of debris which would otherwise accumulate and encourage growth of algae and bacteria that may be harmful. There are several types of pool filtration systems for both inground and above-ground pools which each offer various advantages.

The basic function of a filter, regardless of its design, is to rid the water of impurities so it stays clear and does not pose a threat to the health of the swimmers. All filter types operate on the principle of using a barrier of some sort to physically remove debris from the water. These different models differ from each other in price, upkeep, and in the advantages they provide.

Collectively referred to as the "filtration system", the pump and filter work together in tandem to ensure a clean pool. Water is forced into the filter by the action of the pump, then it is cleansed, and released back into circulation. Quality filter systems can provide years of use, and if they operate efficiently, it can help cut down maintenance time and expenses. Three main types of filters are available for both above-ground and inground pools; diatomaceous earth (DE), sand, and cartridge filters.

Most common of all types are the sand filters. This kind features an in-filter sand bed as its filtration site. Particles which are 20 microns in size will be trapped. Cleaning is done by reversing the flow of water through the unit, and generally the sand can be used for several years. They are a popular choice due to their reasonable pricing and easy operation.

Another simple to use, low-maintenance, affordable option is the cartridge filter. Capable of filtering particles as small as 10 to 15 microns in size, this method uses a replaceable cartridge element for keeping the water clean. Cleaning is easy and can be accomplished with either a garden hose or with a filter cartridge cleaner product. Normally they should be replaced each swimming season.

Diatomaceous earth or DE filters are super-efficient in that they are capable of removing even tiniest of contaminant particles, 3 to 5 microns in size. The result is very clear water. These filters contain a natural, sedimentary rock, known as DE, which is crushed into powder and acts as an ideal filtering substrate. Although they do cost a bit more and their upkeep requires more effort, these make up for this in their speed and efficiency.

Whichever type of filter one chooses, it's always best to select a model which is larger than the minimum required for the pool's size. This will cut down on the time needed to spend cleaning the filter. Selecting a system with the lowest amount of pumping to achieve the flow rate is also wise, as this will help reduce operating costs.

Basically, the filter one selects for their pool should reflect their priorities. If the user's primary concern is a simple design which needs minimal maintenance, either a sand or cartridge filter would be suitable. Whereas those who are focused mainly on having the clearest water possible, should go for the DE filter.




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